Screen 5
Concordance Preview
A worked sample of the CITES ↔ HS mapping problem, shown to establish the method. This is not a finished concordance and is not presented as one.
Illustrative — eight taxa, hand-mapped
The full concordance is built during delivery, not before it. What this screen demonstrates is that the mapping is understood to be many-to-many, lossy and vintage-dependent — which is the part that determines whether a concordance is usable. Every row below is stored with an explicit confidence grade rather than presented as a settled equivalence.Why this sits next to a charcoal pilot
HS 4402 has no direct CITES listing — charcoal is not species-scoped in the nomenclature at all. That is precisely the point. The reconciliation machinery on Screen 3 works on any HS line; the concordance layer is what lets a conservation question be asked of it. The two are separable, and the pilot deliberately proves the first before claiming the second.Sample mappings
| Taxon | Common name | CITES | HS | HS description | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aquilaria malaccensis | Agarwood / gaharu | App. II | 4403 | Wood in the rough | ambiguous |
| Gonystylus spp. | Ramin | App. II | 4407 | Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise | partial |
| Dalbergia latifolia | Indonesian rosewood / sonokeling | App. II | 4407 | Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise | partial |
| Pterocarpus indicus | Narra / angsana | App. II | 4403 | Wood in the rough | partial |
| Swietenia macrophylla | Bigleaf mahogany | App. II | 4407 | Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise | partial |
| Diospyros spp. | Madagascar ebony | App. II | 4403 | Wood in the rough | ambiguous |
| Cedrela spp. | Spanish cedar | App. II | 4407 | Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise | partial |
| Pericopsis elata | Afrormosia | App. II | 4412 | Plywood, veneered panels | partial |
Why each mapping is graded, not asserted
- Aquilaria malaccensis ambiguousAgarwood moves as chips, powder, oil and rough wood. One taxon spans HS 4403, 1211.90 and 3301.29 — no single HS line captures the listing.
- Gonystylus spp. partialIndonesian-origin listing. HS 4407 is not species-specific, so ramin is indistinguishable from other sawn tropical hardwood at the HS line alone.
- Dalbergia latifolia partialGenus-wide Dalbergia listing since CoP17. Species identity is lost at HS level; national tariff lines are required to narrow it.
- Pterocarpus indicus partialListed at CoP19. Widely traded from Southeast Asia; HS 4403 covers all rough wood regardless of species.
- Swietenia macrophylla partialNeotropical populations listed. Illustrates the reverse problem: the listing is population-scoped, the HS line is not scoped at all.
- Diospyros spp. ambiguousPopulation-scoped to Madagascar. Origin, not species, is the discriminator — which is exactly what mirror reconciliation surfaces.
- Cedrela spp. partialListed CoP18, effective 2020. A concordance must be vintage-aware: the same HS line means different things before and after a listing takes effect.
- Pericopsis elata partialReaches trade as processed panels. Shows that the mapping has to follow the product further down the chain than the raw-wood lines.
Three structural problems recur: a listing may be genus-wide while the HS line is not species-scoped at all; a listing may be population-scoped, so origin rather than species is the discriminator; and listings take effect on dates, so the same HS line means different things across vintages. A concordance that ignores any of the three produces confident wrong answers.